Re-centralization in Government

Abstract

Since 1980s, European Union countries have witnessed significant transformations as regards public management reforms. This era can be examined in two periods. Until mid-1990s the reforms were heavily influenced by the principles of new public management (NPM) paradigm whereas the second period of reforms was handled in the midst of intense criticism toward NPM. © 2020, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.